Are you planning a trip to Spain by car or thinking about renting a vehicle there? Driving in a foreign country can seem daunting, but with the right information, your experience on Spanish roads will be smooth and enjoyable. Here is a comprehensive guide answering the most frequently asked questions from foreign drivers, whether you are bringing your own car or opting for a rental.
1. Is my driving licence valid in Spain?
If you are a citizen of the European Union (EU) or the European Economic Area (EEA), good news: your driving licence is valid in Spain without any additional formalities. For drivers from outside the EU/EEA, the situation depends on your country of origin. Licences issued by countries with bilateral agreements with Spain (such as Canada, the United States or Australia) are generally accepted for a period of 6 months after your arrival. However, you will often be required to present an international driving permit (IDP) along with your national licence. Check with your rental agency or the Spanish embassy before you leave.
Helpful tip: Always keep your licence with you, along with proof of identity. The authorities may ask to check them during a roadside stop.
2. What are the driving rules in Spain?
Driving in Spain is very similar to driving in other European countries, but there are a few things you should be aware of:
- Speed limits: 50 km/h in towns, 90 km/h on secondary roads, 100 km/h on main roads and 120 km/h on motorways (autopistas). Obey the signs, as speed cameras are common.
- Drinking and driving: The blood alcohol limit is 0.5 g/L (0.25 mg/L in exhaled air), but this is reduced to 0.3 g/L for novice drivers (less than 2 years’ driving experience). The penalties are severe, so avoid drinking before driving.
- Seat belts and safety: Seat belts are compulsory for all passengers. Children under 1.35 m must be seated in an appropriate child seat.
- Telephone: Using a mobile phone without a hands-free device is prohibited. Fines can be as high as £200.
- Roundabouts: In Spain, unlike in some countries, vehicles already in the roundabout have right of way.
Take the time to familiarise yourself with Spanish road signs, which may differ slightly from those in your country. For example, a red triangle with a white border indicates that you must give way.
3. What documents do I need to drive in Spain?
Whether you are using your own vehicle or a rental car, make sure you have the following documents with you:
- Your driving licence (and an international driving permit if necessary).
- Proof of identity (passport or identity card).
- Vehicle documents: vehicle registration document (or rental agreement) and valid insurance certificate.
- A reflective vest and two warning triangles (mandatory in the event of a breakdown).
If you are travelling with your own car, check that your insurance covers Spain. Some companies require extended cover for travel abroad.
4. How does car rental work in Spain?
Renting a car in Spain is a popular option for exploring regions such as Andalusia, the Costa del Sol or the Balearic Islands. Here are a few things to know:
- Minimum age: Most agencies require drivers to be at least 21 years old, or even 25 to avoid additional fees (young driver surcharge).
- Insurance: Check whether the basic insurance includes collision damage waiver (CDW) and theft protection. Comprehensive insurance may be a good option for added peace of mind.
- Fuel policy: Agencies often apply a ‘full-full’ policy (you pick up and return the car with a full tank). Check the conditions to avoid hidden costs.
- Booking: Book in advance, especially during peak season (July-August), to get the best rates. Compare offers on platforms such as Rentalcars or directly with agencies such as Hertz, Avis or Sixt.
Tip: Inspect the car before you leave and take photos to avoid any disputes about damage.
5. What are the costs associated with driving in Spain?
Driving in Spain involves a few costs to anticipate:
- Tolls (autopistas): Many Spanish motorways are toll roads. Rates vary (for example, around £10 for 100 km on some sections). Use apps such as Google Maps or ViaMichelin to plan toll-free routes if you want to save money.
- Fuel: In 2025, the average price of petrol is around £1.40/litre and diesel around £1.20/litre. There are many petrol stations, but prices can be higher on motorways.
- Parking: In large cities such as Madrid and Barcelona, parking is often paid (blue or green zones). Underground car parks cost between £2 and £4 per hour. Download apps such as Parkopedia to find parking spaces.
6. What are the special features of Spanish roads?
Spanish roads are generally in excellent condition, but here are a few specific features:
- Motorways (autopistas and autovías): Autopistas are toll roads, while autovías are free. Both offer smooth driving, but be aware of variable speed limits.
- Secondary roads: In rural areas, such as Andalusia and Galicia, roads can be narrower and more winding. Drive carefully, especially at night.
- Cities: In Madrid and Barcelona, traffic can be heavy, and low-emission zones (LEZs) restrict access to polluting vehicles. Check whether your car (or rental car) is allowed to drive in these areas.
For stress-free navigation, use a GPS or an app such as Waze, which shows speed cameras and traffic conditions in real time.
7. What to do in case of an emergency or breakdown?
In the event of a breakdown or accident, follow these steps:
- Place the warning triangles 50 metres in front of and behind the vehicle.
- Put on a reflective vest before getting out of the car.
- Contact roadside assistance (number provided by your rental company or insurance company).
- In case of emergency, dial 112, the European emergency number.
If you are renting a car, keep the agency’s contact information handy so you can report any problems quickly.
Conclusion
Driving in Spain is an enjoyable experience if you are well prepared. With a valid licence, a good knowledge of local rules and careful planning, you will be able to enjoy Spain’s beautiful landscapes and vibrant cities to the full. Whether you are exploring the bustling streets of Barcelona, the coastal roads of the Costa Brava or the picturesque villages of Andalusia, this guide will help you drive with confidence. Have a good trip and enjoy the road!